“
(
유럽교회들은 왜 십일조제도가 없을까
이 글을 통하여 어떤 위대한 학설이나 고상한 성경지식으로 십일조제도 폐지의 정당성을 주장하려하지 않았어요. 지금까지 저의 신앙적 배경을 자랑삼아 늘어놓은 이유는, 단 한마디의 질문을 드리기 위한 준비과정이었습니다.
16세기 종교개혁이후, 왜 유럽교회들은 십일조제도를 단죄하여 교회로부터 추방한 것일까요? 유럽교회들이 폐지하고 있는 십일조제도를, 왜 한국교회들은 그토록 고집하고 있는 것일까요? 이 질문에 관하여 단 한번이라도 진지하고 심각하게 생각해 보신 적이 있으신가요?
전통이나 신앙은 무조건 믿으면 안심이 되고 행복할지 모르지만, 그것은 모르기 때문에 가능하며, 알고 나면 못 믿을 것들이 또한 전통이요 신앙입니다. 신앙은 믿으면 모르고, 알고 나면 못 믿습니다.
남기고 싶은 한마디:
십일조제도는 한국의 삯꾼교수, 기회주의 신학자들이 빵 한 조각을 얻어내기 위하여 침묵으로 일관하고, 3대 근성 (명성-권위-탐욕)에 눈이 먼 목사 집단들이 만들어 낸 종교적 범죄행위입니다. 신앙이나 믿음이라는 이름으로 더 이상 속지 마세오.
(홀리죠이)
유럽교회가 십일조를 폐지하였다고 하는 것은 오해이다. 유럽교회의 실상들에 대한 자료는 아래에 영문으로 옮겨 놓는다. 학계에서는 이 문제에 대해서 논란이 아직 많다. 해석적인 조심스러움이 필요한 것이다.
십일조의 정신은, “모든 것이 주께로 말미암았다”는 신앙에 있다. 이것에
심히 궁금한 것은,
과연 그가 어느 정도의 헌금을 하면서 살아갈까? 십일조 그 이상의 헌금을 하면서, 십일조폐지를 주장했으면 한다. 그렇지 않으면, 그가 공격하고 있는 그 ‘종교적 범죄행위’의 죄목은 바로 자신을 향하는 것이 될 것이다.
(참고자료: 유럽에서의 십일조에 대한 역사적 현황)
좀더 자료를 보충하도록 하겠습니다.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tithe
Governmental collection of religious offerings
[edit] England
The right to receive tithes was granted to the English churches by King Ethelwulf in 855. The Saladin tithe was a royal tax, but assessed using ecclesiastical boundaries, in 1188. Tithes were given legal force by the Statute of Westminster of 1285. Adam Smith criticised the system in The Wealth of Nations (1776), arguing that a fixed rent would encourage peasants to farm more efficiently. The Dissolution of the Monasteries led to the transfer of many tithe rights from the Church to secular landowners, and then in the 1530s to the Crown. The system ended with the Tithe Commutation Act 1836, which replaced tithes with a rent charge decided by a Tithe Commission. The records of land ownership, or Tithe Files, made by the Commission are now a valuable resource for historians.
At first this commutation reduced problems to the ultimate payers by folding tithes in with rents (however it could cause transitional money supply problems by raising the transaction demand for money). Later the decline of large landowners led tenants to become freeholders and again have to pay directly; this also led to renewed objections of principle by non-Anglicans.
The rent charges paid to landowners were converted by the Tithe Commutation Act to annuities paid to the state through the Tithe Redemption Commission. The payments were transferred in 1960 to the Board of Inland Revenue, and finally terminated by the Finance Act 1977.
[edit] Scotland
In
[edit] France
In France, the tithes -- called "la dîme" -- were a land tax. Originally a voluntary tax, in 585 the "dîme" became mandatory. In principle, unlike the taille, the "dîme" was levied on both noble and non-noble lands. The dîme was divided into a number of types, including the "grosses dîmes" (grains, wine, hay), "menues" or "vertes dîmes" (vegetables, poultry), "dîmes de charnage" (veal, lamb, pork). Although the term "dîme" comes from the Latin decima [pars] ("one tenth", same origin for
The "dîme" was originally meant to support the local parish, but by the 16th century many "dîmes" went directly to distant abbeys, monasteries, and bishops, leaving the local parish impoverished, and this contributed to general resentment. In the Middle Ages, some monasteries also offered the "dîme" in homage to local lords in exchange for their protection (see Feudalism) (these are called "dîmes inféodées"), but this practice was forbidden by the Lateran Council of 1179.
[edit] Germany
Germany levies a church tax, on all persons declaring themselves to be Christians, of roughly 8-9% of the income tax, which is effectively (very much depending on the social and financial situation) typically between 0.2% and 1.5% of the total income. The proceeds are shared amongst Catholic, Lutheran, and other
Some believe that the church taxation system was established or started through the Concordat of 1933 signed between the Holy See and the Third Reich. This is a simple misunderstanding or misrepresentation of §13 of the Appendix (The Supplementary Protocol) of the Concordat (Schlußprotokoll, §13). The article reads: „Es besteht Einverständnis darüber, daß das Recht der Kirche, Steuern zu erheben, gewährleistet bleibt.“, (refer to External Links). In English, this translates to: It is understood that the Church retains the right to levy Church taxes, (refer to External Links). Notice that §13 states that the Church "retains the right" or, in German, "gewährleistet bleibt". The church tax (Kirchensteuer) actually traces its roots back as far as the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of 1803. Today its legal basis is §140 of the Grundgesetz (the German "constitution") in connection with article 137 of the Weimar constitution.
Church tax (Kirchensteuer) is compulsory in
[edit] Ireland
Tithes were local religious tax-like payments paid in Ireland by members of other faiths as well as its own adherents to maintain and fund the established state church, the Anglican Church of Ireland, to which only a small minority of the population belonged. The collection of tithes was violently resisted in the period 1831-36, known as the Tithe War. With the disestablishment of the
[edit] Denmark
All members of the
[edit] Spain and Latin America
Both the tithe (diezmo), a tax of 10% on all agricultural production, and "first fruits" (primicias), an additional harvest tax, were collected in
[edit] Sweden
Until the year 2000,
[edit] Austria
Church tax is compulsory in
[edit] Switzerland
There is no official state church in
[edit] Finland
Members of certain churches pay a church tax of between 1% and 2.25%, depending on the municipality.
[edit] United States
The
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